Russia has been intensifying its efforts to strengthen energy partnerships with African countries, indicating a broader strategy to enhance its geopolitical influence across the continent.
"It is noteworthy how little concerted political will there has been to halt the illicit flow of profits from the exploitation of gold resources in Africa into the Russian war machine," the World Gold Council report says.
Leading western banks JPMorgan Chase and HSBC reportedly unwittingly processed payments for companies linked to Russian warlord Yevgeny Prigozhin, the late leader of the Wagner Group Private Military Company.
Population growth means that for the first time in a decade access to global energy has begun to fall despite the massive investment going into clean energy to fight the climate crisis, the International Energy Agency said in a new report.