Colombian President Gustavo Petro has signed a decree banning all coal exports to Israel, escalating Bogotá's opposition to Israeli military operations in Gaza. The move, announced on August 14, comes as the Palestinian death toll in the conflict surpasses 40,000, according to Gaza's health ministry.

The Andean nation is a key supplier of thermal coal to Israel, accounting for over half of its imports. The export ban marks a significant escalation in Colombia’s stance against Israel, following the formal severance of diplomatic ties in May. Petro, an outspoken critic of Israel's actions, has accused the government of Benjamin Netanyahu of committing genocide in Gaza. He took to social media to condemn the use of Colombian coal in manufacturing bombs allegedly used against Palestinian civilians.

The Colombian Miners Association has raised concerns about the legality of the ban, citing the existing free trade agreement between the two countries. The industry body warned of potential legal challenges from affected companies seeking compensation for losses.

Hamas, the governing entity in Gaza, has welcomed Colombia’s decision. In a written statement, the group praised Colombia’s “courageous stance” and its condemnation of Israel’s actions. The coal export ban follows Colombia’s earlier decision to halt all military purchases from Israel, a move that further deepens the rift between the two countries in the wake of the ongoing conflict.

The bill, signed by President Petro and several key ministers, including Chancellor Luis Gilberto Murillo, is set to take effect next week. The ban on coal exports, first announced in June, is part of a broader effort by Petro’s government to align Colombia’s foreign policy with its stance on human rights and international justice.

Petro's actions have garnered mixed reactions. Supporters argue the ban is a necessary response to Israel's military campaign, while critics, particularly from Colombia's business sector, warn of potential economic repercussions and legal conflicts arising from the free trade agreement with Israel.